What is upstream or proactive thinking ?

Taking example from Dan Heath's book titled "Upstream", above is a clear use case of how rather than thinking about solving a problem, we should also think about whether the problem should exist in the first place. This is called Upstream thinking or proactive thinking.

The Author talks about why he has named this as upstream rather than just proactive thinking. His argument is that the stream metaphor nudges us to think about broader solutions or problems. In essence, to solve a burglary today, you could go as upstream as child care rather than just thinking about a burglar alarm.